The Proto-Earth grew by accretion, until the inner part of the proto-planet was hot enough to melt heavy metals (including gold, nickle and iron). These higher density metals began to sink to the Earth's center of mass. This so called iron catastrophe resulted in the separation of a primitive mantle and a metallic core only 10 million years after the Earth began to form.

During the accretion of material to the proto-planet, a cloud of gaseous silica probably surrounded the Earth, condensing afterwards as solid rocks on the surface. What was left surrounding the planet was an early atmosphere of light elements from the solar nebula, mostly hydrogen and helium, but the solar wind and Earth's heat would have driven off this early atmosphere.

This changed when Earth accreted to about 40% its present radius, and the growing gravitational attraction retained an atmosphere which included water.

Researchers found a haul of thousands of artifacts near the state capital, Austin, some of which were identified as blades and other tools. The material was buried in sediments that are between 13,200 and 15,500 years old.

Michael Waters from Texas A&M University led a team of researchers in 2011 to study the Debra L. Friedkin site in Texas, about 40 miles northwest of Austin. Buried underneath the layer of rock that has been associated with the time period for the Clovis humans, his team found more than 15,000 objects that indicated the presence of an older civilisation.

"This discovery challenges us to rethink the early colonization of the Americas," said Waters. "There's no doubt these tools and weapons are human-made and they date to about 15,500 years ago, making them the oldest artifacts found both in Texas and North America."

The Blackland Prairie was a disturbance maintained system. Prior to European settlement (pre-1825 for the southern and pre-1845 for the northern half) important natural landscape-scale disturbances included fire and periodic grazing by large herbivores, primarily bison and, to a lesser extent, pronghorn antelope. Fire and infrequent but intense short duration grazing suppressed woody and invigorated herbaceous prairie species. The latter were adapted to fire and grazing by virtue of maintaining perenniating tissues below ground. It has been suggested that fire has been the most important determinant of the spread and maintenance of grasslands, second only to climate. Fire frequency in the pre-settlement Blackland Prairie is unclear, but may have occurred at intervals of 5 to 10 years. Both natural (i.e. lightning strike) and anthropogenic ignition sources are recognized. Bison herds, though reported for the Blackland Prairie, were far smaller than those found further west in the mixed and shortgrass prairies. Their impact was probably local with long intervals between grazing episodes. Bison were probably extirpated from the region by the 1850’s.

Caddo and Comanche Indian tribes inhabited the region. The Indian tribes migrated westward as the early settlers entered the area and were eventually removed to the Indian Territory to the north of the Red River.

Montgomery Farms becomes a working farm in the late '50's, raising five-gaited horses (rack, gallop, canter, trot, walk), dairy and beef cattle.

Six children born to Frances & Bryan Williams - Harrison, Philip, Lincoln, Bryan, Amy & Margaret

Central Expressway extended out to Allen
What is now Tatum road was still un-named and un-paved